2 Corinthians 4:12

Authorized King James Version

So then death worketh in us, but life in you.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ὥστε
So
so too, i.e., thus therefore (in various relations of consecution, as follow)
#2
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
μὲν
then
properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)
#4
θάνατος
death
(properly, an adjective used as a noun) death (literally or figuratively)
#5
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#6
ἡμῖν
us
to (or for, with, by) us
#7
ἐνεργεῖται
worketh
to be active, efficient
#8
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
δὲ
but
but, and, etc
#10
ζωὴ
life
life (literally or figuratively)
#11
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#12
ὑμῖν
you
to (with or by) you

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing life contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection